Memory & behavior
Confusion vs. delirium (when it’s urgent)
Delirium is a sudden change in thinking/alertness and can be a medical emergency. This page helps you recognize it and act fast.
Quick checklist
- Delirium is usually sudden (hours–days). Dementia is usually gradual (months–years).
- If the change is sudden, treat it as urgent until proven otherwise.
- Check for infection, dehydration, medication changes, and recent falls.
- If they’re unsafe or rapidly worsening, seek urgent care.
Red flags (urgent)
- Sudden severe confusion or agitation.
- New inability to stay awake or severe drowsiness.
- Confusion after a fall or head injury.
- Fever, breathing trouble, chest pain, or one-sided weakness.
What to document
- When it started, what changed, and any new meds/illness.
- Baseline behavior vs current behavior.
- Fluid intake, urination changes, and sleep.